FN ISI Export Format VR 1.0 PT Journal AU Lazar, L Jiang, JS Felcher, GP Inomata, A Bader, SD TI Oscillatory exchange bias in Fe/Cr double superlattices SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS NR 17 AB In the [Fe/Cr](AF)/Cr-x/[Fe/Cr](F) double superlattices consisting of a ferromagnetic Fe/Cr superlattice on top of an antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr superlattice, the exchange coupling between the superlattices is determined by the thicknesses (x of the Cr spacer layer. The oscillating behavior of the exchange bias field of a series of (211)-oriented Fe/Cr double superlattices was determined by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements. For x > 13 Angstrom a negative strongly oscillating character of the exchange bias was observed. At very thick x the exchange bias vanishes. The most immediate result is the fact that the exchange bias field is always negative, regardless of the sign of the coupling between the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic superlattices. The detailed dependence of the exchange bias field as a function of the intersuperlattice thickness of Cr is explained in terms of the interaction between the two superlattices in collinear configuration. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. CR FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 JIANG JS, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P9653 KIWI M, 1999, EUROPHYS LETT, V48, P573 KNELLER EF, 1991, IEEE T MAGN, V27, P3588 KOON NC, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V78, P4865 LEIGHTON C, 1999, PHYS REV B, V60, P12837 MALOZEMOFF AP, 1987, PHYS REV B, V35, P3679 MAURI D, 1987, J APPL PHYS, V62, P3047 MEIKLEJOHN WH, 1962, J APPL PHYS, V33, P1328 NOGUES J, 1999, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V192, P203 NOGUES J, 1996, PHYS REV LETT, V76, P4524 OHKOSHI M, 1985, IEEE TRANSL J MAGN J, V1, P37 SCHULTHESS TC, 1998, PHYS REV LETT, V81, P4516 STILES MD, 1999, PHYS REV B, V59, P3722 TANG C, 1984, J APPL PHYS, V55, P2226 TEVELTHUIS SGE, 2000, APPL PHYS LETT, V77, P2222 TEVELTHUIS SGE, 1999, APPL PHYS LETT, V75, P4174 TC 0 BP 299 EP 303 PG 5 JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PY 2001 PD FEB VL 223 IS 3 GA 399NA J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER UT ISI:000166818200015 ER PT Journal AU Liou, YH Pong, WF Tsai, MH Chang, KH Hseih, HH Chang, YK Chien, FZ Tseng, PK Lee, JF Liou, Y Huang, JCA TI Structural characterization of the Co/Cr multilayers by x-ray- absorption spectroscopy SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B NR 22 AB We have performed Cr and Co K-edge x-ray-absorption measurements to investigate the dependence of local electronic and atomic structures on the Cr-layer thickness in epitaxial Co(1 (1) over bar 00) (40 Angstrom)/Cr(211) (t(Cr)) (t(Cr) = 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9 Angstrom) multilayers. The Cr K x-ray-absorption near-edge fine structure (XANES) spectra of the Co/Cr multilayers indicate an abrupt transition of the Cr layer from hep to bee structure when the thickness of the Cr layer is increased to exceed similar to 5 Angstrom or three atomic layers. Our results offer an upper limit for the ability of the Co/Cr interface to stabilize the hcp structure in the thin Cr layer. The numbers of nearest-neighbor and next-nearest- neighbor atoms in the Cr and Co layers determined by extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure measurements performed at the Cr and Co K edge, respectively, are consistent with the XANES results. CR 1990, TABLE PERIODIC PROPE BOHER P, 1991, J APPL PHYS, V70, P5507 FRENKEL AI, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P12449 FULLERTON EE, 1992, PHYS REV LETT, V68, P859 HARRISON WA, 1980, ELECT STRUCTURE PROP HENRY Y, 1993, PHYS REV B, V47, P15037 HUANG JCA, 1996, J APPL PHYS 2A, V79, P4790 HUANG JCA, 1995, PHYS REV B, V52, P13110 JOHNSON MT, 1992, PHYS REV LETT, V69, P969 LEFEVRE P, 1995, PHYS REV B, V52, P11462 LEFEVRE P, 1996, SURF SCI, V352, P923 PAPPAS DP, 1990, PHYS REV LETT, V64, P3179 PARKIN SSP, 1990, PHYS REV LETT, V64, P2304 PIZZINI S, 1993, PHYS REV B, V47, P8754 PIZZINI S, 1992, PHYS REV B, V46, P1253 PRINZ GA, 1985, PHYS REV LETT, V54, P1051 REHR JJ, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P5135 REHR JJ, 1992, PHYS REV LETT, V69, P3397 SATO N, 1987, J APPL PHYS, V61, P1979 SHAM TK, 1997, PHYS REV B, V55, P7585 VAVRA W, 1993, PHYS REV B, V47, P5500 YAO YD, 1996, J APPL PHYS 2B, V79, P6533 TC 0 BP 9616 EP 9620 PG 5 JI Phys. Rev. B PY 2000 PD OCT 1 VL 62 IS 14 GA 363HV J9 PHYS REV B UT ISI:000089830500058 ER PT Journal AU te Velthuis, SGE Jiang, JS Felcher, GP TI Switching of the exchange bias in Fe/Cr(211) double- superlattice structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS NR 15 AB The reversal of the direction of the exchange bias in a "double-superlattice" system which consists of an Fe/Cr antiferromagnetic (AF) superlattice which is ferromagnetically coupled with an Fe/Cr ferromagnetic (F) superlattice through a Cr spacer layer, is observed. Magnetometry and polarized neutron reflectometry show that a switch in the bias direction occurs at a field (similar to 447 Oe) well below the field (14 kOe) necessary to saturate the AF superlattice and well below the field (2 kOe) where the AF superlattice initiates a spin- flop transition. The switching of the exchange bias cannot be explained in terms of a model of uniform rotation, but rather by breakdown into domains and reversal of the AF layers. The transparency of magnetic behavior of the double superlattice may be useful in understanding the behavior of traditional exchange bias systems. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0003- 6951(00)00240-0]. CR DANTAS AL, 1999, PHYS REV B, V59, P1223 FULLERTON EE, 1994, J APPL PHYS, V75, P6461 FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 JIANG JS, 2000, J VAC SCI TECHNOL 1, V18, P1264 JIANG JS, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, P9653 LAAR L, UNPUB MALOZEMOFF AP, 1987, PHYS REV B, V35, P3679 MEIKLEJOHN WH, 1957, PHYS REV, V105, P904 NOGUES J, 2000, PHYS REV B, V61, PR6455 RAKHMANOVA S, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, P476 SCHULTHESS TC, 1998, PHYS REV LETT, V81, P4516 STILES MD, 1999, PHYS REV B, V59, P3722 TAKANO K, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V79, P1130 TEVELTHUIS SGE, 1999, APPL PHYS LETT, V75, P4174 WANG RW, 1994, PHYS REV LETT, V72, P920 TC 1 BP 2222 EP 2224 PG 3 JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PY 2000 PD OCT 2 VL 77 IS 14 GA 357WZ J9 APPL PHYS LETT UT ISI:000089524900048 ER PT Journal AU Kwok, CT Cheng, FT Man, HC TI Laser surface modification of UNS S31603 stainless steel. Part I: microstructures and corrosion characteristics SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING NR 41 AB Laser surface alloying using various elements (Co, Ni, Mn, C, Cr, Mo, Si) and alloys/compounds (AlSiFe, Si3N4 and NiCrSiB) on austenitic stainless steel UNS S31603 was attemped. Alloying materials in powder form were preplaced on the surface of the substrate by flame spraying or pasting. The surface was then scanned by a high power laser beam to achieve surface alloying. The microstructures of the alloyed layers were studied by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy and X-ray diffractometry, and the corrosion characteristics in 3.5% NaCl solution at 23 degrees C were studied by potentiodynamic polarisation. The performance of the laser alloyed surfaces varied depending on the type and amount of alloying materials used, and on the laser processing parameters. The specimens alloyed with Co, Ni, Mn, C or NiCrSiB contained austenite as the main phase, with carbides and carbides/borides as the minor phases in C-alloyed and NiCrSiB-alloyed specimens. For specimens alloyed with Cr or Mo, the major phase was ferrite. In the case of Si or Si3N4, the major phase was an intermetallic Fe,Si. When A1SiFe was used, the major phase could be ferrite or Fe3Al. depending on the dilution ratio. The largest improvement in corrosion resistance was achieved with Si and Si3N4, leading to a noble shift in the pitting potential of 170 and 211 mV, respectively, and a corresponding noble shift in the protection potential of 130 and 221 mV. For NiCrSiB, the effect on the corrosion resistance depended on the degree of dilution. For all the other alloying materials, the corrosion resistance either remained unchanged or deteriorated mainly due to the presence of some ceramic or intermetallic phases which acted as sites of pit initiation. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. CR *ASTM, 1992, ANN BOOK ASTM STAND BAROUX B, 1995, CORROSION MECH THEOR, P273 BRANDIS H, 1984, P C STAINL STEEL, V84, P217 BROWN A, 1974, MET SCI, V8, P317 CROW WB, 1972, CORROSION, V28, P77 CULLITY BD, 1978, ELEMENTS XRAY DIFFRA, P411 DRAPER CW, 1984, HIGH TEMP MATER PROC, V6, P213 FREES N, 1983, WEAR, V88, P57 GADAG SP, 1995, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V51, P150 GATELY NVH, 1987, MATER SCI ENG, V90, P333 GATELY NVH, 1988, SURF COAT TECH, V35, P69 GIREN BG, 1998, SURFACE ENG, V14, P325 GONALEZ JL, 1992, APPL STAINLESS STEEL, V2, P1009 GRIGORYANTS AG, 1984, ELECTROCHEM IND BIOL, V2, P46 GRIGORYANTS AG, 1982, ELECTROCHEM IND BIOL, V5, P35 GUO X, 1989, THERMAL SPRAY TECHNO, P159 HEATHCOCK CJ, 1981, WEAR, V74, P11 HULL FC, 1973, WELD J, V52, PS193 HYATT CV, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS A, V29, P1677 KANEKO H, 1966, J JPN I MET, V30, P157 KWOK CT, 1998, SURF COAT TECH, V107, P31 KWOK CT, 1998, SURF COAT TECH, V99, P295 LI R, 1992, CHIN J MET SCI TECHN, V8, P335 LOMBARDI CSM, 1997, CORROS PREVENTIO OCT, P40 MAJUMDAR JD, 1999, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V276, P50 MASSALSKI TB, 1990, BINARY ALLOY PHASE D, P148 MASSALSKI TB, 1990, BINARY ALLOY PHASE D, P417 MATSUMURA M, 1990, ASTM STP, V1049, P521 MCCAFFERTY E, 1986, J ELECTROCHEM SOC, V133, P1090 OKADA T, 1988, WEAR, V124, P21 RICHMAN RH, 1997, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V6, P633 ROBINSON JM, 1995, MATER SCI TECH SER, V11, P611 SANG KZ, 1995, WEAR, V189, P20 SEDRIKS AJ, 1986, CORROSION, V42, P376 SHAEFFLER AL, 1949, METAL PROGR, V56, P680 TOMLINSON WJ, 1991, J MATER SCI, V26, P804 TOMLINSON WJ, 1990, SURF ENG, V6, P281 TOMLINSON WJ, 1995, WEAR, V185, P59 TSAI WT, 1994, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V183, P239 VAKULA SI, 1991, PHYS CHEM MAT TREAT, V25, P181 ZHOU KS, 1982, WEAR, V80, P101 TC 0 BP 55 EP 73 PG 19 JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PY 2000 PD OCT 15 VL 290 IS 1-2 GA 345YA J9 MATER SCI ENG A-STRUCT MATER UT ISI:000088841800009 ER PT Journal AU Diaz-Ortiz, A Sanchez, JM Moran-Lopez, JL TI Phase transitions in confined antiferromagnets SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH NR 23 AB Confinement effects on the phase transitions in antiferromagnets are studied as a function of the surface coupling v and the surface field h for b.c.c.(110) films. Unusual topologies for the phase diagram are attained for particular combinations of v and h. It is shown that some of the characteristics of the finite-temperature behavior of the system are driven by its low-temperature properties and consequently can be explained in terms of a ground-state analysis. Cluster variation free energies are used for the investigation of the finite temperature behavior. CR BINDER K, 1992, J CHEM PHYS, V96, P1444 BINDER K, 1983, PHASE TRANSITIONS CR DIAZORTIZ A, 1997, COMP MATER SCI, V8, P79 DIAZORTIZ A, IN PRESS DIAZORTIZ A, 1998, PHYS REV LETT, V81, P1146 DIAZORTIZ A, 1998, SOLID STATE COMMUN, V107, P285 DOSCH H, 1992, CRIT PHENOMENA SURFA, V126 DOWBEN PA, 1990, SURFACE SEGRETATION DREWITZ A, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V78, P1090 EVANS R, 1990, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V2, P8989 FISHER ME, 1981, J CHEM PHYS, V75, P5857 FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 KEFFER F, 1973, PHYS REV LETT, V31, P1061 KIKUCHI R, 1951, PHYS REV, V81, P998 LEIDL R, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, P1908 MICHELETTI C, 1997, J PHYS A-MATH GEN, V30, PL233 MICHELETTI C, 1999, PHYS REV B, V59, P6239 MILLS DL, 1968, PHYS REV LETT, V20, P18 NAKANISHI H, 1983, J CHEM PHYS, V78, P3279 NAKANISHI H, 1982, PHYS REV LETT, V49, P1565 TRALLORI L, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, P5923 TRALLORI L, 1994, PHYS REV LETT, V72, P1925 WANG RW, 1994, PHYS REV LETT, V72, P920 TC 0 BP 389 EP 394 PG 6 JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Res. PY 2000 PD JUL VL 220 IS 1 GA 344PV J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RE UT ISI:000088768800069 ER PT Journal AU Jiang, JS Felcher, GP Inomata, A Goyette, R Nelson, CS Bader, SD TI Exchange bias in Fe/Cr double superlattices SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS NR 27 AB Utilizing the oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling in Fe/Cr superlattices, we have constructed "double superlattice" structures where a ferromagnetic (F) and an antiferromagnetic (BF) Fe/Cr superlattice are coupled through a Cr spacer. The minor hysteresis loops in the magnetization are shifted from zero field, i.e., the F superlattice is exchange biased by the AF one. The double superlattices are sputter deposited with (211) epitaxy and possess uniaxial in-plane magnetic anisotropy. The magnitude of the bias field is satisfactorily described by the classic formula for collinear spin structures. The coherent structure and insensitivity to atomic-scale roughness makes it possible to determine the spin distribution by polarized neutron reflectivity, which confirms that the spin structure is collinear. The magnetic reversal behavior of the double superlattices suggests that a realistic model of exchange bias needs to address the process of nucleating local reverse domains. (C) 2000 American Vacuum Society. [S0734- 2101(00)02204-1]. CR BRUNO P, 1995, PHYS REV B, V52, P411 CAMLEY RE, 1999, J VAC SCI TECHNOL 1, V17, P1335 DIENY B, 1991, PHYS REV B, V43, P1297 FELCHER GP, 1993, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V121, P105 FOLKERTS W, 1991, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V94, P302 FULLERTON EE, 1994, J APPL PHYS, V75, P6461 FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 JUNGBLUT R, 1995, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V148, P300 KIWI M, 1999, EUROPHYS LETT, V48, P573 KOON NC, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V78, P4865 MALOZEMOFF AP, 1987, PHYS REV B, V35, P3679 MAURI D, 1987, J APPL PHYS, V62, P3047 MEIKLEJOHN WH, 1962, J APPL PHYS, V33, P1328 MEIKLEJOHN WH, 1957, PHYS REV, V105, P904 NIKITENKO VI, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, PR8111 NOGUES J, 1999, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V192, P203 PARKIN SSP, 1991, PHYS REV B, V44, P7131 PARKIN SSP, 1990, PHYS REV B, V42, P10583 PARKIN SSP, 1990, PHYS REV LETT, V64, P2304 SCHULTHESS TC, 1998, PHYS REV LETT, V81, P4516 STILES MD, 1999, PHYS REV B, V59, P3722 SUHL H, 1998, PHYS REV B, V58, P258 TAKANO K, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V79, P1130 TANG C, 1984, J APPL PHYS, V55, P2226 TEVELTHUIS SGE, 1999, APPL PHYS LETT, V75, P4174 WANG RW, 1994, PHYS REV LETT, V72, P920 ZABEL H, 1994, PHYSICA B, V198, P156 TC 2 BP 1264 EP 1268 PG 5 JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PY 2000 PD JUL-AUG VL 18 IS 4 PN 1 GA 335ZH J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A UT ISI:000088276800044 ER PT Journal AU Inomata, A Jiang, JS You, CY Pearson, JE Bader, SD TI Magnetic stability of novel exchange coupled systems SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS NR 11 AB The magnetic stability of two different interfacial exchange coupled systems is investigated using the magneto-optic Kerr effect during repeated reversal of the soft layer magnetization by field cycling up to 10(7) times, For uniaxial Fe/Cr(211) exchange biased "double-superlattice" systems, small but rapid initial decay of exchange bias field HE and the remanent magnetization is observed. Also the Sm-Co/Fe bilayers grown epitaxially with uniaxial in-plane anisotropy show similar decay, However, the HE Of biaxial and random in-plane bilayers shows gradual decay without large reduction of the magnetization. These different decay behaviors are explained by their different microstructure and interfacial spin configurations. (C) 2000 American Vacuum Society. [S0734- 2101(00)02104-7]. CR BENAISSA M, 1998, IEEE T MAGN 1, V34, P1204 CHARAP SH, 1997, IEEE T MAGN 2, V33, P978 DIENY B, 1991, PHYS REV B, V43, P1297 FULLERTON EE, 1997, APPL PHYS LETT, V71, P1579 FULLERTON EE, 1998, PHYS REV B, V58, P12193 FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 GIDER S, 1998, SCIENCE, V281, P797 KNELLER EF, 1991, IEEE T MAGN, V27, P3588 NIKITENKO VI, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, PR8111 NOGUES J, 1999, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V192, P203 PACCARD D, 1966, PHYS STATUS SOLIDI, V16, P301 TC 0 BP 1269 EP 1272 PG 4 JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PY 2000 PD JUL-AUG VL 18 IS 4 PN 1 GA 335ZH J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A UT ISI:000088276800045 ER PT Journal AU Vavassori, P Grimsditch, M Fullerton, E Giovannini, L Zivieri, R Nizzoli, F TI Brillouin light scattering study of an exchange coupled asymmetric trilayer of Fe/Cr SO SURFACE SCIENCE NR 10 AB The magnetic response of a (211) oriented asymmetric Fe trilayer [Fe(100 Angstrom)/Cr(9 Angstrom)/Fe(20 Angstrom)/Cr(20 Angstrom)/Fe(20 Angstrom)], in which the thickness of the Cr spacer layers was chosen to produce ferromagnetic coupling (F) between the two thinner Fe layers and antiferromagnetic coupling (AF) between the thicker Fe layer and the adjacent thin one, has been investigated using magnetization and Brillouin light scattering (BLS) measurements. The coupling coefficients, extracted by fitting the BLS and magnetization measurements with a theory treating the static and dynamic response on an equal footing? produced consistent values of the magnetic parameters. Our results confirm that the theoretical model used in interpreting both static and dynamic properties is valid even in systems in which F and AF coupling of the layers are simultaneously present. The theoretical model has also been extended to include the field dependence of the intensity of the Brillouin peaks. The calculated intensities are compared with the BLS spectra at different applied fields. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. CR COCHRAN JF, 1988, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V73, P299 COCHRAN JF, 1990, PHYS REV B, V42, P508 DEMOKRITOV SO, 1998, J PHYS D APPL PHYS, V31, P925 FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 GRIMSDITCH M, 1996, PHYS REV B, V54, P3385 HICKEN RJ, 1995, J APPL PHYS, V78, P6670 REZENDE SM, 1998, J APPL PHYS, V84, P958 SANDERCOCK JR, 1982, LIGHT SCATTERING SOL, V3, P173 SMIRNOV VI, 1964, COURSE HIGHER MATH, V4 WETTLING W, 1975, J PHYS C SOLID STATE, V8, P211 TC 1 BP 880 EP 884 PG 5 JI Surf. Sci. PY 2000 PD MAY 20 VL 454 GA 326ZB J9 SURFACE SCI UT ISI:000087766200167 ER PT Journal AU Jiang, JS Felcher, GP Inomata, A Goyette, R Nelson, C Bader, SD TI Exchange-bias effect in Fe/Cr(211) double superlattice structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B NR 28 AB Shifted hysteresis loops characteristic of the exchange-bias effect between a ferromagnet (F) and an antiferromagnet (AF) are demonstrated in "double-superlattice" structures. Utilizing the well-established oscillatory interlayer exchange coupling in Fe/Cr, we have constructed [Fe/Cr](AF)/Cr/[Fe/Cr](F) double superlattices where Fe/Cr superlattices with appropriate Cr- spacer thickness represent the F and the AF. The double superlattices are (211)-oriented epitaxial films sputter grown on single-crystal MgO(110) substrates. The AF/F interface is coherent compared to conventional exchange-bias interfaces consisting of dissimilar AF and F phases. Magnetization results show that AF/F exchange coupling affects the nucleation of reverse magnetic domains, and that the magnitude of the exchange-bias field is given directly by the classic formula for collinear spin structures. The collinear spin distribution is confirmed by polarized neutron reflectivity. CR BERKOWITZ AE, 1965, J APPL PHYS, V36, P3330 DIENY B, 1991, PHYS REV B, V43, P1297 FELCHER GP, 1993, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V121, P105 FOLKERTS W, 1991, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V94, P302 FULLERTON EE, 1994, J APPL PHYS, V75, P6461 FULLERTON EE, 1993, PHYS REV B, V48, P15755 GOKEMEIJER NJ, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V79, P4270 JUNGBLUT R, 1995, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V148, P300 KOON NC, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V78, P4865 KOUVEL JS, 1960, J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS, V16, P132 MALOZEMOFF AP, 1987, PHYS REV B, V35, P3679 MAURI D, 1987, J APPL PHYS, V62, P3047 MEIKLEJOHN WH, 1962, J APPL PHYS, V33, P1328 MEIKLEJOHN WH, 1957, PHYS REV, V105, P904 MORAN TJ, 1998, APPL PHYS LETT, V72, P617 MORAN TJ, 1995, J APPL PHYS, V78, P1887 NOGUES J, 1996, APPL PHYS LETT, V68, P3186 NOGUES J, 1999, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V192, P203 PARKIN SSP, 1991, PHYS REV B, V44, P7131 PARKIN SSP, 1990, PHYS REV B, V42, P10583 PARKIN SSP, 1990, PHYS REV LETT, V64, P2304 SCHULTHESS TC, 1998, PHYS REV LETT, V81, P4516 SPERIOSU V, UNPUB TAKANO K, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V79, P1130 TANG C, 1984, J APPL PHYS, V55, P2226 UNGURIS J, 1991, PHYS REV LETT, V67, P140 WANG RW, 1994, PHYS REV LETT, V72, P920 ZABEL H, 1994, PHYSICA B, V198, P156 TC 3 BP 9653 EP 9656 PG 4 JI Phys. Rev. B PY 2000 PD APR 1 VL 61 IS 14 GA 303TW J9 PHYS REV B UT ISI:000086441800062 ER PT Journal AU Costa, AT Castro, JDE Muniz, RB TI Oscillatory exchange coupling between iron layers separated by chromium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B NR 56 AB The exchange coupling J between Fe layers separated by nonmagnetic Cr is calculated for Fe/Cr/Fe (001) trilayer structures as a function of the spacer thickness N for several temperatures T. It is shown that for perfectly sharp interfaces J(N,T) is entirely dominated by short period oscillations for 0 K less than or equal to T less than or equal to 500 K and N varying from 5 to 50 atomic planes. At zero temperature the amplitude of J decays as N-3/2 for large values of N. This behavior is caused by the particular type of singularity in the nesting of the Cr Fermi which is responsible for one of the dominant short-period oscillations of J(N). A strong temperature dependence of the coupling strength is obtained for some values of N, in excellent agreement with experiments. The effect of interface mixing on J(N) reduces the overall coupling strength, as well as the relative importance of the short period oscillatory components, and causes a phase shift in the oscillations of J(N). [S0163-1829(99)03317-2]. 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Rev. B PY 1999 PD MAY 1 VL 59 IS 17 GA 272CA J9 PHYS REV B UT ISI:000084631900057 ER PT Journal AU Velthuis, SGET Felcher, GP Jiang, JS Inomata, A Nelson, CS Berger, A Bader, SD TI Magnetic configurations in exchange-biased double superlattices SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS NR 21 AB The layer-by-layer magnetization of a "double-superlattice" Fe/Cr(211) exchange-bias junction was determined by polarized neutron reflectometry. An n-layered [Fe/Cr](n) antiferromagnetic (AF) superlattice is coupled with an m- layered [Fe/Cr](m) ferromagnetic (F) superlattice, to provide a controlled exchange bias. In low magnetic fields, the magnetizations of the two superlattices are collinear. The two magnetized states (along or opposite to the bias field) differ only in the relative orientation of the F and adjacent AF layer. At higher fields, the AF moments flop to the direction perpendicular to the applied field. The structure, thus determined, explains the magnitude of the bias field. 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PY 1999 PD DEC 27 VL 75 IS 26 GA 269YH J9 APPL PHYS LETT UT ISI:000084504700043 ER