Phys. Rev. Lett. Phys. Rev. A Phys. Rev. B Phys. Rev. C Phys. Rev. D Phys. Rev. E Phys. Rev. ST AB Rev. Mod. Phys. Phys. Rev. (Series I) Phys. Rev. Volume: Page/Article:

Phys. Rev. B 53, 5518–5529 (1996)

[Issue 9 – 1 March 1996 ]

[ Previous article | Next article | Issue 9 contents ]

Structure and magnetism of Fe/Si multilayers grown by ion-beam sputtering

A. Chaiken, R. P. Michel, and M. A. Wall

Materials Science and Technology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551

Ion-beam sputtering has been used to prepare Fe/Si multilayers on a variety of substrates and over a wide range of temperatures. Small-angle x-ray-diffraction and transmission electron microscopy experiments show that the layers are heavily intermixed although a composition gradient is maintained. When the spacer layer is an amorphous iron silicide, the magnetic properties of the multilayers are similar to those of bulk Fe. When the spacer layer is a crystalline silicide with the B2 or DO₃ structure, the multilayers show antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling like that observed in ferromagnet/paramagnet multilayers such as Fe/Cr and Co/Cu. Depending on the substrate type and the growth temperature, the multilayers grow in either the (011) or (001) texture. The occurrence of the antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling is dependent on the crystallinity of the iron and iron silicide layers, but does not seem to be strongly affected by the perfection of the layering or the orientation of the film. Since the B2- and DO₃-structure Fe_xSi_1-x compounds are known to be metallic, antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling in Fe/Si multilayers probably originates from the same quantum-well and Fermi surface effects as in Fe/Cr and Co/Cu multilayers.

©1996 The American Physical Society

URL: http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v53/p5518
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.5518
PACS: 61.10.-i, 68.65.+g, 75.50.Bb, 81.15.Cd

[ Previous article | Next article | Issue 9 contents ]

References

1. Electronic address: chaiken@llnl.gov.
2. Electronic address: michel@cmsgee.llnl.gov.
3. Electronic address: mark _wall@internetqm.llnl.gov.
4. S.T. Ruggiero, T.W. Barbee, Jr., and M.R. Beasley, Phys. Rev. B 26, 4894 (1982).
5. T.W. Barbee, S. Mrowka and M.C. Hettrick, Appl. Opt. 24, 883 (1985).
6. L.C. Wilson, Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, 1993.
7. S. Toscano, B. Briner, H. Hopster and M. Landolt, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 114, L6 (1992).
8. E.E. Fullerton, J.E. Mattson, S.R. Lee, C.H. Sowers, Y.Y. Huang, G. Felcher, S.D. Bader and F.T. Parker, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 6335 (1993).
9. S. Demokritov, J.A. Wolf and P. Grünberg, Europhys. Lett. 15, 881 (1991).
10. D.H. Mosca, F. Petroff, A. Fert and P.A. Schroeder, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 94, L1 (1991).
11. P. Bruno, Phys. Rev. B 49, 13,231 (1994).
12. Z. P. Shi, Rajiv R.P. Singh and B.M. Klein, Europhys. Lett. 29, 585 (1995).
13. E.E. Fullerton, J. Pearson, C.H. Sowers, S.D. Bader, X.Z. Wu, and S.K. Sinha, Phys. Rev. B 48, 17,432 (1993).
14. H. Miura, E. Ma and C.V. Thompson, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 4287 (1991).
15. W.H. Wang, H.Y. Bai and W.K. Wang, Mater. Sci. Eng. 179A, 229 (1994).
16. D.G. Stearns, R.S. Rosen and S.P. Vernon, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 9, 2662 (1991).
17. K. Holloway, K.B. Do and R. Sinclair, J. Appl. Phys. 65, 474 (1989).
18. H. von Känel, K.A. Mäder, E. Müller, N. Onda, and H. Sirringhaus, Phys. Rev. B 45, 13,807 (1992).
19. J. Kudrnovský, N.E. Christensen and O.K. Andersen, Phys. Rev. B 43, 5924 (1991).
20. Made by Commonwealth Scientific Corporation, 500 Pendleton St., Alexandria, VA 22314.
21. MKS Instruments, 6 Shattuck Rd., Andover, MA 01810.
22. MDC, 23842 Cabot Blvd., Hayward, CA 94545.
23. A. Chaiken, E.C. Honea, W.S. Rupprecht, S. Torres and R.P. Michel, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65, 3870 (1994).
24. Keithley Instruments, 440 Myles Standish Blvd., Taunton, MA 02780.
25. A.I. Kingon, O. Auciello, M.S. Ameen, S.H. Rou and A.R. Krauss, Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 301 (1989).
26. R.F.C. Farrow, G.R. Harp, R.F. Marks and T.A. Rabedeau, J. Cryst. Growth 133, 47 (1993).
27. A. Chaiken, R.P. Michel, J.A. Carlisle, and M.A. Wall (unpublished).
28. C.L. Foiles, M.R. Franklin, and R. Loloee, Phys. Rev. B 50, 16,070 (1994).
29. R.P. Michel, A. Chaiken, J.W. Dykes, J.F. Ankner, and H.J. Kaiser (unpublished).
30. K. Inomata, K. Yusu and Y. Saito, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 33, L1670 (1994).
31. E.E. Fullerton, I.K. Schuller, H. Vanderstraeten and Y. Bruynseraede, Phys. Rev. B 45, 9292 (1992).
32. C. Dufour, A. Bruson, G. Marchal, B. George, and Ph. Mangin, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 93, 1991.
33. J.F. Ankner, C.F. Majkrzak, and H. Homma, J. Appl. Phys. 73 6436 (1993).
34. C.L. Foiles, M.R. Franklin, and R. Loloee, in Title, edited by Editor(s), MRS Symposia Proceedings No. 382 (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, in press).
35. Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, edited by T.B. Massalski, (ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1990).
36. N. Onda, H. Sirringhaus, E. Muller and H. von Känel, J. Cryst. Growth 12, 634 (1993).
37. J. Dekoster, A. Vantomme, S. Degroote, R. Moons, and G. Langouche, in Title (Ref. 31).
38. J.E. Mattson, S. Kumar, E.E. Fullerton, S.R. Lee, C.H. Sowers, M. Grimsditch, S.D. Bader and F.T. Parker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 185 (1993).
39. E.E. Fullerton (private communication).
40. A.P. Payne and B.M. Clemens, Phys. Rev. B 47, 2289 (1993).
41. D. Altbir, M. Kiwi, R. Ramírez, and I.K. Schuller (unpublished).
42. H. J. Stock, U. Kleineberg, B. Heidemann, K. Hilgers, A. Kloidt, B. Schmiedeskamp, U. Heinzmann, M. Krumrey, P. Müller and F. Scholze, Appl. Phys. A 58, 371 (1994).
43. P. Bruno and C. Chappert, Phys. Rev. B 46, 261 (1992).
44. M.D. Stiles, Phys. Rev. B 48, 7238 (1993).
45. R. Nakatani, T. Dei and Y. Sugita, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 6375 (1993).
46. A. Gupta, G. Principi, R. Gupta, A. Maddalena, F. Caccavale and C. Tosello, Phys. Rev. B 50, 2833 (1994).
47. E.E. Fullerton, J.E. Mattson, S.R. Lee and C.H. Sowers, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 117, L301 (1992).
48. H.A.M. van den Berg and G. Rupp, IEEE Trans. Magn. 30, 809 (1994).
49. M.W. Grinstaff, M.B. Salamon and K.S. Suslick, Phys. Rev. B 48, 269 (1993).
50. S.S.P. Parkin, R.F. Marks, R.F.C. Farrow and G.R. Harp, Phys. Rev. B 46, 9262 (1992).
51. N. Metoki, M. Hofelich, T. Zeidler and T. Muhge, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 121, 137 (1993).
52. J.E. Mattson, E.E. Fullerton, S. Kumar, S.R. Lee, C.H. Sowers, M. Grimsditch, S.D. Bader and F.T. Parker, J. Appl. Phys. 75, 6169 (1994).
53. R.P. Michel and A. Chaiken (unpublished).
54. K.A. Mäder, H. von Känel and A. Baldereschi, Phys. Rev. B 48, 4364 (1993).
55. G. Marchal, Ph. Mangin and Chr. Janot, Solid State. Commun. 18, 739 (1976).

[ Previous article | Next article | Issue 9 contents ]

[ Home  | Browse  | Search  | Subscriptions  | Help  ]