Abstract

Pseudomorphic growth of ultrathin magnetic trilayers offers unique possibilities to study magnetic phenomena, e.g. the magnetic anisotropy energy and interlayer exchange coupling can be enlarged by orders of magnitude, the Curie temperature can be varied from zero to T_C^bulk, effects of spin fluctuations in 2D become observable, etc. We prepare, modify step by step, and measure the films in situ by applying various experimental techniques (FMR, XMCD, etc.) in UHV. The results compare very well with theory and ab initio calculations.

Author Keywords: 2D films; Curie temperature; Spin fluctuations; Review

75.70.−i; 76.50.+g; 78.70.Dm

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. MAE and IEC in a trilayer: experiment vs. theory

3. Enhanced spin fluctuations in ultrathin trilayers

4. Optic and acoustic spin wave branches, ‘Non-Gilbert-like’ spin wave damping

5. Induced orbital and spin moments at interfaces

Acknowledgements

References

(9K)
Fig. 1. Intensity vs. energy of the LEED (0,0) beam at normal incidence for the substrate crystal and after successive evaporation of two ferromagnetic Ni films and a Cu spacer.

(19K)
Fig. 2. Layer-resolved band energy difference ΔE^j_B for the trilayer as given in Fig. 1. The Cu spacer was changed to 3 ML (a) and to 9 ML (b), (c) and (d) show the corresponding IEC values.

(8K)
Fig. 3. (a) Temperature dependence of M measured by means of XMCD. Open circles show the single Ni film capped with Cu only. The full symbols correspond to the trilayer. The XMCD was measured in a small external field of 20–40 Oe, to avoid domain formation; (b) Theoretical calculated shift of ΔT^Ni in mean field (MFT) and RPA approximation as a function of the Ni thickness d_Ni [13].

(13K)
Fig. 4. Top: sketch for coupled pendula and magnetizations; Middle: Simulation of FMR for optical and acoustical modes in a trilayer with AFM and FM coupling. Bottom: corresponding experimental FMR spectra.

(18K)
Fig. 5. Fe₅/V₃/Fe trilayer: (a) XAS and XMCD spectra for V and Fe; (b) integrated XMCD spectrum. Orbital and spin moments show different signs for V, but are parallel aligned for Fe; (c) the ratio of _L/_S measured by FMR [18] and XMCD [19].

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